Causes of Insulin Resistance

Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells. These beta cells are scattered throughout the pancreas. Insulin produced from the beta cells is released into the blood stream. Insulin is a vital hormone as it plays different roles within the body. Most of the insulin actions are directed at metabolism level like metabolism of carbohydrates (sugars and starches), lipids (fats) and proteins. Insulin also aids in cell regulation.Insulin resistance (IR) is a condition in which the cells of the body become resistant to the effects of insulin, that is, the normal response to a given amount of insulin is reduced. As a result, higher levels of insulin are needed in order for insulin to have its effects. The resistance is seen with both the body's own insulin (endogenous) and if insulin is given through injection (exogenous).

There are probably several causes of insulin resistance and there is thought to be a strong genetic factor (an inherited component), Some medications also can lead to insulin resistance. In addition, insulin resistance is seen often in the following conditions:

the metabolic syndrome

obesity

pregnancy

infection or severe illness

stress

during steroid use

Type 2 diabetes is the type of diabetes that occurs later in life. Insulin resistance precedes the development of type 2 diabetes, sometimes by years. In individuals who will ultimately develop type 2 diabetes, it is believed that blood glucose and insulin levels are normal for many years; then at some point in time, insulin resistance develops.

Source:MedIndia