The risk of heart attack falls 74% among nearly 10,000 civil servants working in London over a 20-year period, finds study. The contributing factors for this decline include Better control of cholesterol levels and blood pressure and a decline in smoking. However, the reduction would have been even greater were it not for the fact that more people became fatter during this time, and this rise in body mass index (BMI) accounted for an estimated 11% increased risk of heart attack over the same period.In a paper published online today in the European Heart Journal [1], researchers report that, among 9453 people taking part in the long-running Whitehall II study in London (UK), there was a substantial reduction (74%) in the chances of a first heart attack (myocardial infarction) among both men and women between 1985 and 2004. This corresponded to an annual average decline of 6.5%. Over half of this reduction in heart attack rates rates could be explained by improvements in four of the main risk factors for heart attack : declining levels of "bad" non-HDL cholesterol levels , an increase in "good"HDL cholesterol, reduced blood pressure, and a reduction in the number of people who smoked. There was also a modest but statistically insignificant contribution from increased consumption of fruit and vegetables. Together, these five rsik factors accounted for 56% of the reduction in the risk of heart attack.
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